Testicular cancer

Testicular cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the testicles (testes), which are part of the male reproductive system. The testicles are located inside the scrotum, a loose bag of skin underneath the penis. They are responsible for producing sperm and the hormone testosterone. Testicular cancer is relatively rare but is the most common cancer in young men aged 15 to 35.

Types of Testicular Cancer

Symptoms of Testicular Cancer

Risk Factors
Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of the following:

Staging

Testicular cancer is staged based on how far it has spread:

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the type and stage of testicular cancer, as well as the patient’s overall health:

Prognosis

The prognosis for testicular cancer is generally very good, especially when detected early. The overall 5-year survival rate is over 95%, even in cases where cancer has spread to other parts of the body. Most men can be cured, even with advanced-stage testicular cancer, thanks to effective treatments like surgery and chemotherapy.

Follow-Up Care

Regular follow-up is crucial for monitoring for recurrence and managing any side effects of treatment. This typically includes periodic physical exams, blood tests, and imaging studies.

Fertility Considerations

Because treatment for testicular cancer can affect fertility, men who wish to have children in the future may want to consider sperm banking before treatment. Most men retain normal sexual function and can father children after treatment, though this may vary depending on the type of treatment received.

If you or someone you know is dealing with testicular cancer, it’s important to consult with a healthcare team to discuss the most appropriate treatment plan and any fertility concerns.